{"id":18,"date":"2025-11-21T16:07:15","date_gmt":"2025-11-21T16:07:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/?page_id=18"},"modified":"2026-02-18T19:28:34","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T19:28:34","slug":"el-gran-negoci-colonial","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/el-gran-negoci-colonial\/","title":{"rendered":"El gran negoci colonial"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#f5efd7&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;||94px|||&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;||40px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;||30px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;10px||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;10px||0px||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_font=&#8221;|||on|||||&#8221; header_text_align=&#8221;center&#8221; header_font_size=&#8221;77px&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1>El gran negoci colonial<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;auto&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; max_width=&#8221;810px&#8221; max_width_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; max_width_phone=&#8221;80%&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;4_4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||42px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Bona part de la riquesa d\u2019aquella burgesia catalana que va invertir en infraestructures, va fundar bancs i empreses, va aixecar edificis i va impulsar institucions culturals, provenia de l\u2019explotaci\u00f3 de m\u00e0 d\u2019obra esclavitzada a les col\u00f2nies \u2014especialment a Cuba i Puerto Rico\u2014 o b\u00e9, directament, del tr\u00e0fic de persones entre l\u2019\u00c0frica i les col\u00f2nies americanes.<\/p>\n<p>Fixem-nos, per exemple, en tots aquells edificis al\u00e7ats a Barcelona en aquells moments: ara sabem que una part del capital invertit tenia aquest origen. Exploreu aquesta Barcelona i descobriu-ne aquesta her\u00e8ncia.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/web-bcn-esclavista.jpg&#8221; title_text=&#8221;web-bcn-esclavista&#8221; url=&#8221;https:\/\/barcelonaesclavista.cat\/&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||36px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_code _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_button button_url=&#8221;https:\/\/barcelonaesclavista.cat\/&#8221; url_new_window=&#8221;on&#8221; button_text=&#8221;Obrir mapa&#8221; button_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_button=&#8221;on&#8221; button_text_size=&#8221;20.5px&#8221; button_text_color=&#8221;#1d1d1b&#8221; button_bg_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; button_border_width=&#8221;0px&#8221; button_border_color=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; button_border_radius=&#8221;0px&#8221; button_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_body_font||||on||||&#8221; button_icon=&#8221;&#x26;||divi||400&#8243; button_on_hover=&#8221;off&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||0px|false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; button_bg_color__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; button_bg_color__hover=&#8221;RGBA(255,255,255,0)&#8221; button_bg_enable_color__hover=&#8221;on&#8221;][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;rgba(246,245,232,0.45)&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;98px||78px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;52px||30px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;36px||10px||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;3_5,2_5&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1250px&#8221; max_width_tablet=&#8221;1250px&#8221; max_width_phone=&#8221;1250px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|auto|72px|auto|false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||18px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;3_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||25px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||18px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Entre els segles XVI i XIX, m\u00e9s de 12,5 milions de persones van ser raptades a l\u2019\u00c0frica i embarcades per for\u00e7a cap a les col\u00f2nies americanes. Totes les pot\u00e8ncies colonials hi van participar. L\u2019any 1789, el rei Carles IV va autoritzar tots els s\u00fabdits espanyols, aix\u00ed com tots els comerciants de qualsevol nacionalitat, a participar en el comer\u00e7 d\u2019esclaus amb les col\u00f2nies espanyoles d\u2019Am\u00e8rica. A partir d\u2019aleshores, centenars de comerciants i navegants bascos, c\u00e0ntabres, catalans i, en general, de qualsevol lloc de l\u2019Espanya peninsular o dels arxip\u00e8lags balear o canari, es van incorporar a aquest negoci tan lucratiu, que des de feia segles es practicava des dels principals ports europeus.<\/p>\n<p>A les col\u00f2nies espanyoles, el tr\u00e0fic de persones va ser legal fins al 1820. A partir del 1821, aquesta pr\u00e0ctica va quedar prohibida, per\u00f2 l\u2019\u00fas de m\u00e0 d\u2019obra esclavitzada va continuar sent legal. Tot i la prohibici\u00f3, el tr\u00e0fic de persones va persistir gr\u00e0cies a la trama d\u2019interessos i corrupci\u00f3 entre el m\u00f3n dels negocis i les autoritats colonials, que feien els ulls grossos.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9s molt dif\u00edcil establir quants catalans van participar en aquell comer\u00e7 indigne, perqu\u00e8 el tr\u00e0fic de persones sempre va ser una activitat transnacional i opaca. Les investigacions actuals indiquen que les embarcacions amb bandera espanyola van portar fins a Am\u00e8rica prop d\u2019un mili\u00f3 de persones que acabarien sent esclavitzades.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;2_5&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#f5efd7&#8243; custom_margin=&#8221;||||true&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;14px|18px|14px|18px|true|true&#8221; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>Coneixem alguns capitans catalans que van dur vaixells negrers fins a Am\u00e8rica: Josep Carb\u00f3, de Sant Feliu de Gu\u00edxols; Agust\u00ed Conill Sala, de Lloret; Esteve Gatell Roig, de Torredembarra; Joan i Pere Mas Roig, de Vilassar de Mar; Josep Matar\u00f3 Dom\u00e8nech, de Lloret; Jaume Tint\u00f3 Miralles, de Barcelona; Miquel Oliver Moll, Gaspar Roig Llenas i Eugeni Vi\u00f1es Castellets.<\/p>\n<p>Entre els armadors catalans que van organitzar expedicions de tr\u00e0fic de persones hi havia: Josep Canela Ravent\u00f3s, Mari\u00e0 Flaquer, Pere Gil Babot, Isidre Inglada, Josep Pie Parellada, Salvador Sam\u00e0, Jaume Tint\u00f3 Miralles, Jaume Torrents Serramalera, Josep Antoni Vidal Pasqual i Jaume Vilardeb\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_3,1_3,1_3&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; max_width=&#8221;1250px&#8221; max_width_tablet=&#8221;1250px&#8221; max_width_phone=&#8221;1250px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|auto|44px|auto||&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;|auto|0px|auto|false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;|auto|0px|auto|false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/pere-gil-babot.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Pere Gil Babot&#8221; title_text=&#8221;pere-gil-babot&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; force_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||17px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_body_font|500|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_4_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||1px||false|false&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;22px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_4_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; header_4_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_4_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>Pere Gil i Babot<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||30px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||30px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; text_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>(Tarragona, 1783 \u2013 Barcelona, 1853) va ser comerciant, empresari, banquer, mecenes i col\u00b7leccionista d&#8217;art, diputat al Congr\u00e9s durant diverses legislatures i fundador de la <em>Sociedad Catalana para el Alumbrado por Gas (SCAG)<\/em>. Va participar en negocis diversos incloent l&#8217;exportaci\u00f3 de vins i aiguardents, la importaci\u00f3 de sucre, cot\u00f3, i cacau, el tr\u00e0fic de persones esclavitzades, el transport ocasional de soldats i passatgers entre Espanya i Am\u00e8rica, i l&#8217;activitat cors\u00e0ria, ja que tenia patent de cors per capturar vaixells enemics.<\/p>\n<p>Retrat pintat per Vicen\u00e7 Rodes i \u00c0ries (Alacant, 1783 \u2013 Barcelona, 1858), pertanyent a les col\u00b7leccions del Museu Nacional d\u2019Art de Catalunya (MNAC).<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/salvador-sama-ok.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Salvador Sam\u00e0 i Mart\u00ed&#8221; title_text=&#8221;salvador-sama-ok&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; force_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||17px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_body_font|500|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_4_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||1px||false|false&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;22px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_4_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; header_4_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_4_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>Salvador Sam\u00e0 i Mart\u00ed<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||30px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||30px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; text_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>(Vilanova i la Geltr\u00fa, 1797 \u2013 l\u2019Havana, 1866) va arribar a Cuba el 1810 per incorporar-se al negoci familiar dels seus oncles Pau i Josep Sam\u00e0 i Par\u00e8s. Va aplegar una gran fortuna practicant el tr\u00e0fic de persones esclavitzades, alhora que aconseguia una elevada posici\u00f3 a l\u2019escala social: va arribar a ocupar el c\u00e0rrec d\u2019alcalde de l\u2019Havana, va ser nomenat senador del Regne i el 1860, Isabel II li va atorgar el t\u00edtol de marqu\u00e8s de Marianao, com a recompensa per les inversions que havia fet en aquella ciutat.<\/p>\n<p>Retrat p\u00f2stum obra de Josep Margalef Palac\u00edn (Osca, 1900- Barcelona, 1985). MMB<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/jaume-torrents-serramalera-1.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Jaume Torrents i Serramalera&#8221; title_text=&#8221;jaume-torrents-serramalera&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; force_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||17px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; header_4_font=&#8221;&#8211;et_global_body_font|500|||||||&#8221; header_4_font_size=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_4_line_height=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||1px||false|false&#8221; header_4_font_size_tablet=&#8221;23px&#8221; header_4_font_size_phone=&#8221;22px&#8221; header_4_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; header_4_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; header_4_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; header_4_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; header_4_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.2em&#8221; header_4_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4>Jaume Torrents i Serramalera<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.4em&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||30px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||30px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; text_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p>(Moi\u00e0, 1796 \u2013 Barcelona, 1854) va ser empresari i armador, establert a Cuba des de ben jove. Va aplegar una flota d\u2019almenys vuit velers, alguns dels quals participaren en el tr\u00e0fic de persones esclavitzades, com \u00e9s el cas de les fragates Di\u00f3genes i La Primera de Catalu\u00f1a, i el bergant\u00ed Emprendedor, vaixells dels quals en tenim documentades expedicions entre 1828 i 1837. De tornada a Barcelona el 1838 s\u2019instal\u00b7l\u00e0 al palauet que en l\u2019actualitat \u00e9s la seu de l\u2019Ateneu Barcelon\u00e8s, i continu\u00e0 dirigint la seva flota dedicada al comer\u00e7 a la ruta del tasajo, mentre realitzava importants inversions en infraestructures com ara el ferrocarril de Barcelona \u2013 Matar\u00f3, inaugurat el 1848, i es manifestava aferrissadament a favor de l\u2019esclavatge.<\/p>\n<p>Retrat p\u00f2stum obra de Pere Borrell del Caso (Puigcerd\u00e0, 1835 \u2013 Barcelona,1910). MMB<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; background_color=&#8221;#f5efd7&#8243; custom_padding=&#8221;168px||40px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_tablet=&#8221;100px||30px||false|false&#8221; custom_padding_phone=&#8221;75px||||false|false&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;4&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=&#8221;off|desktop&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; max_width=&#8221;90%&#8221; max_width_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; max_width_phone=&#8221;80%&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|auto|94px|auto|false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||77px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||48px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/fragata-primera-de-cat-torrents.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Persones treballant a les plantacions&#8221; title_text=&#8221;fragata-primera-de-cat-torrents&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; force_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||33px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||40px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||25px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; text_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><em>Fragata La Primera de Catalu\u00f1a.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Constru\u00efda a San Francisco (EEUU) i registrada a L\u2019Havana el 1846, va ser registrada a l\u2019Escrivania de Marina de Barcelona com a propietat de Jaume Torrents Serramalera el 1849. Va naufragar als escull de Callo Verde (Cuba) el 9 de gener de 1855.<\/p>\n<p>Oli sobre tela de James Guy Evans, ca.1849-1855.<\/p>\n<p>MMB<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/fragata-buenavetura.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Persones treballant a les plantacions&#8221; title_text=&#8221;fragata-buenavetura&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; force_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||33px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; text_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><em>Fragata Buenaventura su Captn Jaime Isern.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Constru\u00efda a Matar\u00f3 pel mestre d\u2019aixa Francisco Segarra, va ser registrada a l\u2019Escrivania de Marina de Barcelona el 1865 com a propietat de D. Salvador Sam\u00e0, del comer\u00e7 de l\u2019Havana. El 1867 va ser venuda a la societat Sam\u00e0, Sotolongo y C\u00aa de l\u2019Havana.<\/p>\n<p>Oli sobre tela de James Guy Evans, s.d.<\/p>\n<p>MMB<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_2,1_2&#8243; use_custom_gutter=&#8221;on&#8221; gutter_width=&#8221;4&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; width=&#8221;90%&#8221; width_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; width_phone=&#8221;80%&#8221; width_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; max_width=&#8221;90%&#8221; max_width_tablet=&#8221;none&#8221; max_width_phone=&#8221;80%&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;|auto|94px|auto|false|false&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||64px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||40px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;0px||0px||true|false&#8221; hover_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; sticky_enabled=&#8221;0&#8243;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/fragata-paquita.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Persones treballant a les plantacions&#8221; title_text=&#8221;fragata-paquita&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; force_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||33px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;||50px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||20px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; text_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><em>Fragata Paquita Captn F. Sust y [&#8230;].<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Registrada a l\u2019Escrivania de Marina de Barcelona, va ser propietat de la casa Sam\u00e0, Sotolongo y C\u00aa i venuda a una altra naviliera el 1867.<\/p>\n<p>Oli sobre tela d\u2019Edward Everard Arnold, 1859.<\/p>\n<p>MMB<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_2&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/bergantin-julito.jpg&#8221; alt=&#8221;Persones treballant a les plantacions&#8221; title_text=&#8221;bergantin-julito&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; force_fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||33px|||&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; text_font_size=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_line_height=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; module_alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; custom_margin_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; custom_margin_phone=&#8221;||0px||false|false&#8221; custom_margin_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_font_size_tablet=&#8221;20px&#8221; text_font_size_phone=&#8221;18px&#8221; text_font_size_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; text_letter_spacing_tablet=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_phone=&#8221;&#8221; text_letter_spacing_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; text_line_height_tablet=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_phone=&#8221;1.3em&#8221; text_line_height_last_edited=&#8221;on|desktop&#8221; locked=&#8221;off&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;]<em>Bergant\u00edn Julito su capitan Francisco Colom\u00e9<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Constru\u00eft a Blanes el 1848 va ser propietat de Sam\u00e0 Hermanos, del comer\u00e7 de l\u2019Havana, segons consta a la llista 1\u00aa d\u2019embarcacions de l\u2019Havana. L\u2019any 1883 va ser venut a Sam\u00e0, Sotolongo y C\u00aa. El 23 de juny de 1879 consta aparellat com a bergant\u00ed goleta. Va ser desballestat a Vilajoiosa el 1886.<\/p>\n<p>Oli sobre tela de James Guy Evans, ca.1847-1859.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=&#8221;1_3,1_3,1_3&#8243; module_class=&#8221;nav-prev-home-next&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; background_size=&#8221;initial&#8221; background_position=&#8221;top_left&#8221; background_repeat=&#8221;repeat&#8221; max_width=&#8221;125px&#8221; max_width_tablet=&#8221;141px&#8221; max_width_phone=&#8221;111px&#8221; max_width_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; custom_margin=&#8221;||||false|false&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/anterior.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;anterior&#8221; url=&#8221;@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wYWdlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjE2In19@&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _dynamic_attributes=&#8221;url&#8221; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; height=&#8221;25px&#8221; height_tablet=&#8221;30px&#8221; height_phone=&#8221;25px&#8221; height_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; filter_opacity__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; filter_opacity__hover=&#8221;36%&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/home.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;home&#8221; url=&#8221;@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wYWdlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjEwIn19@&#8221; align=&#8221;center&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _dynamic_attributes=&#8221;url&#8221; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; height=&#8221;25px&#8221; height_tablet=&#8221;30px&#8221; height_phone=&#8221;25px&#8221; height_last_edited=&#8221;on|phone&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; filter_opacity__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; filter_opacity__hover=&#8221;36%&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221;][et_pb_image src=&#8221;https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/seguent.png&#8221; title_text=&#8221;seguent&#8221; url=&#8221;@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wYWdlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjIwIn19@&#8221; align=&#8221;right&#8221; _builder_version=&#8221;4.27.5&#8243; _dynamic_attributes=&#8221;url&#8221; _module_preset=&#8221;default&#8221; height=&#8221;25px&#8221; height_tablet=&#8221;30px&#8221; height_phone=&#8221;25px&#8221; height_last_edited=&#8221;on|tablet&#8221; global_colors_info=&#8221;{}&#8221; filter_opacity__hover_enabled=&#8221;on|hover&#8221; filter_opacity__hover=&#8221;36%&#8221;][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El gran negoci colonialBona part de la riquesa d\u2019aquella burgesia catalana que va invertir en infraestructures, va fundar bancs i empreses, va aixecar edificis i va impulsar institucions culturals, provenia de l\u2019explotaci\u00f3 de m\u00e0 d\u2019obra esclavitzada a les col\u00f2nies \u2014especialment a Cuba i Puerto Rico\u2014 o b\u00e9, directament, del tr\u00e0fic de persones entre l\u2019\u00c0frica i [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"<!-- wp:divi\/placeholder \/-->","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-18","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18"}],"version-history":[{"count":53,"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24769,"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/18\/revisions\/24769"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}