{"id":24229,"date":"2025-11-21T16:07:15","date_gmt":"2025-11-21T16:07:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/el-gran-negocio-colonial\/"},"modified":"2026-04-13T07:57:34","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T07:57:34","slug":"el-gran-negocio-colonial","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/es\/el-gran-negocio-colonial\/","title":{"rendered":"El gran negocio colonial"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#f5efd7&#8243; custom_padding=\u00bb||94px|||\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb||40px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb||30px||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb10px||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb10px||0px||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb header_font=\u00bb|||on|||||\u00bb header_text_align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb header_font_size=\u00bb77px\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h1>El gran negocio colonial<\/h1>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row use_custom_gutter=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb width_tablet=\u00bbauto\u00bb width_phone=\u00bb80%\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb max_width=\u00bb810px\u00bb max_width_tablet=\u00bbnone\u00bb max_width_phone=\u00bb80%\u00bb max_width_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb4_4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||42px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p>Buena parte de la riqueza de aquella burgues\u00eda catalana que invirti\u00f3 en infraestructuras, fund\u00f3 bancos y empresas, levant\u00f3 edificios e impuls\u00f3 instituciones culturales, proven\u00eda de la explotaci\u00f3n de mano de obra esclavizada en las colonias \u2014especialmente en Cuba y Puerto Rico\u2014 o bien, directamente, del tr\u00e1fico de personas entre \u00c1frica y las colonias americanas.<\/p>\n<p>Fij\u00e9monos, por ejemplo, en todos aquellos edificios levantados en Barcelona en aquel momento: ahora sabemos que parte del capital invertido ten\u00eda ese origen. Explorad esta Barcelona y descubrid este legado. <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/web-bcn-esclavista.jpg\u00bb title_text=\u00bbweb-bcn-esclavista\u00bb url=\u00bbhttps:\/\/barcelonaesclavista.cat\/\u00bb url_new_window=\u00bbon\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||36px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_code _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_code][et_pb_button button_url=\u00bbhttps:\/\/barcelonaesclavista.cat\/\u00bb url_new_window=\u00bbon\u00bb button_text=\u00bbAbrir mapa\u00bb button_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_button=\u00bbon\u00bb button_text_size=\u00bb20.5px\u00bb button_text_color=\u00bb#1d1d1b\u00bb button_bg_color=\u00bbRGBA(255,255,255,0)\u00bb button_border_width=\u00bb0px\u00bb button_border_color=\u00bbRGBA(255,255,255,0)\u00bb button_border_radius=\u00bb0px\u00bb button_font=\u00bb&#8211;et_global_body_font||||on||||\u00bb button_icon=\u00bb&#x26;||divi||400&#8243; button_on_hover=\u00bboff\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb|||0px|false|false\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb button_bg_color__hover_enabled=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb button_bg_color__hover=\u00bbRGBA(255,255,255,0)\u00bb button_bg_enable_color__hover=\u00bbon\u00bb][\/et_pb_button][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bbrgba(246,245,232,0.45)\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb98px||78px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb52px||30px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb36px||10px||false|false\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb3_5,2_5&#8243; use_custom_gutter=\u00bbon\u00bb gutter_width=\u00bb4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb width_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb width_phone=\u00bb\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb max_width=\u00bb1250px\u00bb max_width_tablet=\u00bb1250px\u00bb max_width_phone=\u00bb1250px\u00bb max_width_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb|auto|72px|auto|false|false\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||18px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb3_5&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||25px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||18px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p>Entre los siglos XVI y XIX, m\u00e1s de 12,5 millones de personas fueron raptadas en \u00c1frica y embarcadas por la fuerza hacia las colonias americanas. Todas las potencias coloniales participaron. En el a\u00f1o 1789, el rey Carlos IV autoriz\u00f3 a todos los s\u00fabditos espa\u00f1oles, as\u00ed como a comerciantes de cualquier nacionalidad, a participar en el comercio de esclavos con las colonias espa\u00f1olas de Am\u00e9rica. A partir de entonces, centenares de comerciantes y navegantes vascos, c\u00e1ntabros, catalanes y, en general, de cualquier lugar de la Espa\u00f1a peninsular o de los archipi\u00e9lagos balear o canario, se incorporaron a este negocio tan lucrativo, que desde hac\u00eda siglos se practicaba desde los principales puertos europeos.   <\/p>\n<p>En las colonias espa\u00f1olas, el tr\u00e1fico de personas fue legal hasta 1820. A partir de 1821, esta pr\u00e1ctica qued\u00f3 prohibida, pero el uso de mano de obra esclavizada continu\u00f3 siendo legal. A pesar de la prohibici\u00f3n, el tr\u00e1fico de personas persisti\u00f3 gracias a la red de intereses y corrupci\u00f3n entre el mundo de los negocios y las autoridades coloniales, que miraban hacia otro lado.  <\/p>\n<p>Es muy dif\u00edcil establecer cu\u00e1ntos catalanes participaron en aquel comercio indigno, porque el tr\u00e1fico de personas siempre fue una actividad transnacional y opaca. Las investigaciones actuales indican que las embarcaciones con bandera espa\u00f1ola llevaron hasta Am\u00e9rica cerca de un mill\u00f3n de personas que acabar\u00edan siendo esclavizadas. <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb2_5&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#f5efd7&#8243; custom_margin=\u00bb||||true\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb30px|30px|30px|30px|true|true\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb14px|18px|14px|18px|true|true\u00bb custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p>Conocemos a algunos capitanes catalanes que llevaron barcos negreros hasta Am\u00e9rica: Josep Carb\u00f3, de Sant Feliu de Gu\u00edxols; Agust\u00ed Conill Sala, de Lloret; Esteve Gatell Roig, de Torredembarra; Joan y Pere Mas Roig, de Vilassar de Mar; Josep Matar\u00f3 Dom\u00e8nech, de Lloret; Jaume Tint\u00f3 Miralles, de Barcelona; Miquel Oliver Moll, Gaspar Roig Llenas y Eugeni Vi\u00f1es Castellets.<\/p>\n<p>Entre los armadores catalanes que organizaron expediciones de tr\u00e1fico de personas estaban: Josep Canela Ravent\u00f3s, Mari\u00e0 Flaquer, Pere Gil Babot, Isidre Inglada, Josep Pie Parellada, Salvador Sam\u00e0, Jaume Tint\u00f3 Miralles, Jaume Torrents Serramalera, Josep Antoni Vidal Pasqual y Jaume Vilardeb\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_3,1_3,1_3&#8243; use_custom_gutter=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb width_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb width_phone=\u00bb\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb max_width=\u00bb1250px\u00bb max_width_tablet=\u00bb1250px\u00bb max_width_phone=\u00bb1250px\u00bb max_width_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb|auto|44px|auto||\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb|auto|0px|auto|false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb|auto|0px|auto|false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/pere-gil-babot.jpg\u00bb alt=\u00bbPere Gil Babot\u00bb title_text=\u00bbpere-gil-babot\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||17px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb header_4_font=\u00bb&#8211;et_global_body_font|500|||||||\u00bb header_4_font_size=\u00bb23px\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||1px||false|false\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb23px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb22px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb header_4_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb header_4_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb header_4_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h4>Pere Gil i Babot<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||30px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||30px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb18px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p>(Tarragona, 1783 \u2013 Barcelona, \u200b\u200b1853) fue comerciante, empresario, banquero, mecenas y coleccionista de arte, diputado en el Congreso durante varias legislaturas y fundador de la <em>Sociedad Catalana para el Alumbrado por Gas (SCAG)<\/em>. Particip\u00f3 en diversos negocios incluyendo la exportaci\u00f3n de vinos y aguardientes, la importaci\u00f3n de az\u00facar, algod\u00f3n y cacao, el tr\u00e1fico de personas esclavizadas, el transporte ocasional de soldados y pasajeros entre Espa\u00f1a y Am\u00e9rica, y la actividad corsaria, ya que ten\u00eda patente de corso para capturar barcos enemigos. <\/p>\n<p>Retrato pintado por Vicente Rodes y Aries (Alicante, 1783 \u2013 Barcelona, \u200b\u200b1858), perteneciente a las colecciones del Museo Nacional de Arte de Catalu\u00f1a (MNAC).<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/salvador-sama-ok.jpg\u00bb alt=\u00bbSalvador Sam\u00e0 i Mart\u00ed\u00bb title_text=\u00bbsalvador-sama-ok\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||17px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb header_4_font=\u00bb&#8211;et_global_body_font|500|||||||\u00bb header_4_font_size=\u00bb23px\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||1px||false|false\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb23px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb22px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb header_4_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb header_4_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb header_4_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h4>Salvador Sam\u00e0 i Mart\u00ed<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||30px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||30px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb18px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p>(Vilanova i la Geltr\u00fa, 1797 \u2013 La Habana, 1866) lleg\u00f3 a Cuba en 1810 para incorporarse al negocio familiar de sus t\u00edos Pau y Josep Sam\u00e0 i Par\u00e8s. Reuni\u00f3 una gran fortuna practicando el tr\u00e1fico de personas esclavizadas, al tiempo que consegu\u00eda una elevada posici\u00f3n en la escala social: lleg\u00f3 a ocupar el cargo de alcalde de La Habana, fue nombrado senador del Reino y en 1860, Isabel II le otorg\u00f3 el t\u00edtulo de marqu\u00e9s de Marianao, como recompensa. <\/p>\n<p>Retrato p\u00f3stumo obra de Josep Margalef Palac\u00edn (Huesca, 1900- Barcelona, \u200b\u200b1985). MMB <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/jaume-torrents-serramalera-1.jpg\u00bb alt=\u00bbJaume Torrents i Serramalera\u00bb title_text=\u00bbjaume-torrents-serramalera\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||17px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb header_4_font=\u00bb&#8211;et_global_body_font|500|||||||\u00bb header_4_font_size=\u00bb23px\u00bb header_4_line_height=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||1px||false|false\u00bb header_4_font_size_tablet=\u00bb23px\u00bb header_4_font_size_phone=\u00bb22px\u00bb header_4_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb header_4_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb header_4_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb header_4_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.2em\u00bb header_4_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<h4>Jaume Torrents i Serramalera<\/h4>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.4em\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||30px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||30px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb18px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p>(Moi\u00e0, 1796 \u2013 Barcelona, \u200b\u200b1854) fue empresario y armador, afincado en Cuba desde muy joven. Reuni\u00f3 una flota de al menos ocho veleros, algunos de los cuales participaron en el tr\u00e1fico de personas esclavizadas, como es el caso de las fragatas Di\u00f3genes y La Primera de Catalu\u00f1a, y el bergant\u00edn Emprendedor, barcos de los cuales tenemos documentadas expediciones entre 1828 y 1837. De regreso a Barcelona en 1838 se instal\u00f3 en el palacete que en la actualidad es la sede del Ateneo Barcelon\u00e9s, y continu\u00f3 dirigiendo su flota dedicada al comercio en la ruta del tasajo, mientras realizaba importantes inversiones en infraestructuras como el ferrocarril de Barcelona \u2013 Matar\u00f3, inaugurado en 1848, y se manifestaba enconadamente a favor de la esclavitud.  <\/p>\n<p>Retrato p\u00f3stumo obra de Pedro Borrell del Caso (Puigcerd\u00e1, 1835 \u2013 Barcelona,1910). MMB <\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section fb_built=\u00bb1&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb background_color=\u00bb#f5efd7&#8243; custom_padding=\u00bb168px||40px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_tablet=\u00bb100px||30px||false|false\u00bb custom_padding_phone=\u00bb75px||||false|false\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_2,1_2&#8243; use_custom_gutter=\u00bbon\u00bb gutter_width=\u00bb4&#8243; custom_padding_last_edited=\u00bboff|desktop\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb width=\u00bb90%\u00bb width_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb width_phone=\u00bb80%\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb max_width=\u00bb90%\u00bb max_width_tablet=\u00bbnone\u00bb max_width_phone=\u00bb80%\u00bb max_width_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb|auto|94px|auto|false|false\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||77px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||48px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/fragata-primera-de-cat-torrents.jpg\u00bb alt=\u00bbPersonas trabajando en las plantaciones\u00bb title_text=\u00bbfragata-primera-de-cat-torrents\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||33px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||40px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||25px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb18px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p><em>Fragata La Primera de Catalu\u00f1a<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Construida en San Francisco (EE. UU.) y matriculada en La Habana en 1846, fue inscrita en el Registro Mar\u00edtimo de Barcelona como propiedad de Jaume Torrents Serramalera en 1849. Naufrag\u00f3 en Cayo Verde (Cuba) el 9 de enero de 1855. <\/p>\n<p>\u00d3leo sobre lienzo de James Guy Evans, ca. 1849-1855.<\/p>\n<p>MMB<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/fragata-buenavetura.jpg\u00bb alt=\u00bbPersonas trabajando en las plantaciones\u00bb title_text=\u00bbfragata-buenavetura\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||33px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb18px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p><em>Fragata Buenaventura, Capit\u00e1n Jaime Isern.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Construida en Matar\u00f3 por el carpintero de ribera Francisco Segarra, fue inscrita en el Registro Mar\u00edtimo de Barcelona en 1865 como propiedad de D. Salvador Sam\u00e0, del comercio de La Habana. En 1867 fue vendida a la firma Sam\u00e0, Sotolongo y C\u00aa. <\/p>\n<p>\u00d3leo sobre lienzo de James Guy Evans, s.f. (sin fecha).<\/p>\n<p>MMB<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_2,1_2&#8243; use_custom_gutter=\u00bbon\u00bb gutter_width=\u00bb4&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb width=\u00bb90%\u00bb width_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb width_phone=\u00bb80%\u00bb width_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb max_width=\u00bb90%\u00bb max_width_tablet=\u00bbnone\u00bb max_width_phone=\u00bb80%\u00bb max_width_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb|auto|94px|auto|false|false\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||64px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||40px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb custom_padding=\u00bb0px||0px||true|false\u00bb hover_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243; global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb sticky_enabled=\u00bb0&#8243;][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/fragata-paquita.jpg\u00bb alt=\u00bbPersonas trabajando en las plantaciones\u00bb title_text=\u00bbfragata-paquita\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||33px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb||50px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||20px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb18px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p><em>Fragata Paquita, Capit\u00e1n F. Sust y [&#8230;]<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Inscrita en el Registro Mar\u00edtimo de Barcelona, era propiedad de la firma Sam\u00e0, Sotolongo y C\u00aa y fue vendida a otra naviera en 1867.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d3leo sobre lienzo de Edward Everard Arnold, 1859.<\/p>\n<p>MMB<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_2&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/bergantin-julito.jpg\u00bb alt=\u00bbPersonas trabajando en las plantaciones\u00bb title_text=\u00bbbergantin-julito\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb force_fullwidth=\u00bbon\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||33px|||\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb text_font_size=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_line_height=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb module_alignment=\u00bbcenter\u00bb custom_margin_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb custom_margin_phone=\u00bb||0px||false|false\u00bb custom_margin_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_font_size_tablet=\u00bb20px\u00bb text_font_size_phone=\u00bb18px\u00bb text_font_size_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb text_letter_spacing_tablet=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_phone=\u00bb\u00bb text_letter_spacing_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb text_line_height_tablet=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_phone=\u00bb1.3em\u00bb text_line_height_last_edited=\u00bbon|desktop\u00bb locked=\u00bboff\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb]<em>Bergant\u00edn Julito, su capit\u00e1n Francisco Colom\u00e9.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Construido en Blanes en 1848, era propiedad de Sam\u00e0 Hermanos, del comercio de La Habana, seg\u00fan consta en la lista primera de buques de La Habana. En 1883 fue vendido a Sam\u00e0, Sotolongo y C\u00aa. El 23 de junio de 1879 consta como aparejado de bergant\u00edn-goleta. Fue desguazado en Villajoyosa en 1886.   <\/p>\n<p>\u00d3leo sobre lienzo de James Guy Evans, ca. 1847\u20131859.[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row column_structure=\u00bb1_3,1_3,1_3&#8243; module_class=\u00bbnav-prev-home-next\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; background_size=\u00bbinitial\u00bb background_position=\u00bbtop_left\u00bb background_repeat=\u00bbrepeat\u00bb max_width=\u00bb125px\u00bb max_width_tablet=\u00bb141px\u00bb max_width_phone=\u00bb111px\u00bb max_width_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb custom_margin=\u00bb||||false|false\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/anterior.png\u00bb title_text=\u00bbanterior\u00bb url=\u00bb@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wYWdlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjE2In19@\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _dynamic_attributes=\u00bburl\u00bb _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb height=\u00bb25px\u00bb height_tablet=\u00bb30px\u00bb height_phone=\u00bb25px\u00bb height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb filter_opacity__hover_enabled=\u00bbon|hover\u00bb filter_opacity__hover=\u00bb36%\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/home.png\u00bb title_text=\u00bbhome\u00bb url=\u00bb@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wYWdlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjEwIn19@\u00bb align=\u00bbcenter\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _dynamic_attributes=\u00bburl\u00bb _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb height=\u00bb25px\u00bb height_tablet=\u00bb30px\u00bb height_phone=\u00bb25px\u00bb height_last_edited=\u00bbon|phone\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb filter_opacity__hover_enabled=\u00bbon|hover\u00bb filter_opacity__hover=\u00bb36%\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00bb1_3&#8243; _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.4&#8243; _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb][et_pb_image src=\u00bbhttps:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/seguent.png\u00bb title_text=\u00bbseguent\u00bb url=\u00bb@ET-DC@eyJkeW5hbWljIjp0cnVlLCJjb250ZW50IjoicG9zdF9saW5rX3VybF9wYWdlIiwic2V0dGluZ3MiOnsicG9zdF9pZCI6IjIwIn19@\u00bb align=\u00bbright\u00bb _builder_version=\u00bb4.27.5&#8243; _dynamic_attributes=\u00bburl\u00bb _module_preset=\u00bbdefault\u00bb height=\u00bb25px\u00bb height_tablet=\u00bb30px\u00bb height_phone=\u00bb25px\u00bb height_last_edited=\u00bbon|tablet\u00bb global_colors_info=\u00bb{}\u00bb filter_opacity__hover_enabled=\u00bbon|hover\u00bb filter_opacity__hover=\u00bb36%\u00bb][\/et_pb_image][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El gran negocio colonialBuena parte de la riqueza de aquella burgues\u00eda catalana que invirti\u00f3 en infraestructuras, fund\u00f3 bancos y empresas, levant\u00f3 edificios e impuls\u00f3 instituciones culturales, proven\u00eda de la explotaci\u00f3n de mano de obra esclavizada en las colonias \u2014especialmente en Cuba y Puerto Rico\u2014 o bien, directamente, del tr\u00e1fico de personas entre \u00c1frica y las [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":2,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-24229","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24229"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24229\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24884,"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/24229\/revisions\/24884"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/exposicionsvirtuals.mmb.cat\/lainfamia\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}